Founder of Dynasty
In 750 AD, Gopala founded Pala dynasty.
• Capital: Muddagiri/ Munger (Bihar)
• Pala kingdom included Bengal and Bihar, which included major cities of Pataliputra, Vikrampura, Monghyr,
Tamralipti.
• Palas were followers of Mahayana Buddhism and Tantric schools of Buddhism.
• Pala had close cultural relations with Tibet. The noted Buddhist scholars, Santarakshita and Dipankara
were invited to Tibet. They introduced a new form of religion there.
• They had close trade contacts and cultural links with South-East Asia.
• Sailendra dynasty (Buddhist) which ruled over Malaya, Java, Sumatra sent many embassies to the Pala court.
• Pala period is considered as golden period in history of Bengal.
• Pala armies were famous for its vast war elephant cavalry.
• Arab merchant Sulaiman had visited Pala kingdom.
• The Palas power were destroyed by the Sena dynasty under Vijyasena.
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IMPORTANT RULERS
Gopala (around 750 CE)
As per Khalimpur Copper inscription of Dharampal, he founded Pala dynasty, replacing later Guptas of Magadh and Khadya dynasty
Built famous odantpuri monastery at Bihar, 2nd largest university after Nalanda
Dharampala (770-810)
Defeated by Pratihar king Nagbhatt II and Rashtrkuta king Dhru.
founded the Vikramashila university at Bhagalpur, Bihar and built Somapuri Monetary
Revived Nalanda University.
Devapala (810-850)
Expanded empire in the east included Assam.
His Inscriptions proclaims his victory over Hunas, Gurjaras and Dravidas.
His Court poet was Buddhist scholar Vajradatta, author ofLokesvarasataka.
Pala & Pratiharas Administration
• The directly administered territories were divided into Bhukti (province) and Mandala or Visaya (Distructs)
• The governor of Bhukti was called Uparika & had duty to collect land revenue and maintain law and order.
• The head of Visaya was Visayapati and had same duties like Uparikawithin their territories.
• Smaller unit below the Visaya was pattala.
• Bhogapatis or Samantas were small chieftain, dominated villages.
